Below is our latest summary of the Executive Orders issued by the White House regarding tariffs on Canadian and Mexican imports, reflecting all amendments enacted through March 7, 2025.

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Related to Canada

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Below is a consolidated reference text for the Northern Border Executive Orders affecting Canadian imports as of March 2, 2025. This unofficial compilation merges:

• E.O. 14193 of February 1, 2025 (original text)
• E.O. 14197 of February 3, 2025 (“Progress on the Situation at Our Northern Border”)
• E.O. 14226 of March 2, 2025 (further amendment regarding de minimis treatment)

It reflects how the White House ultimately revised, paused, or updated certain sections. While this text aims to capture all relevant changes in one place, please note it is presented here for reference only and does not represent an official publication of the U.S. Federal Register.

EXECUTIVE ORDER 14193

(As Amended by E.O. 14197 of Feb. 3, 2025, and E.O. 14226 of Mar. 2, 2025)

Imposing Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2483), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby find and order as follows:

Section 1. Policy and Background.

(a) The sustained trafficking of illicit drugs across our northern border has profound consequences for our Nation, endangering lives and straining local communities and law enforcement. Transnational criminal organizations exploit vulnerabilities in cross-border transit, facilitating the flow of narcotics—including opioids—into the United States.

(b) I have determined that the failure of the Government of Canada to sufficiently arrest or deter the activities of these organizations constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.

(c) Accordingly, I hereby declare a national emergency pursuant to the National Emergencies Act with respect to the flow of illicit drugs across our northern border, and, to address this threat, I invoke my authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA).

Sec. 2. Imposition of Duties.

(a) Imposition of 25 Percent Duty. Consistent with law and my authority under 50 U.S.C. 1702(a)(1)(B), all articles that are products of Canada, as defined by subsequent Federal Register notice(s) issued under this order, shall be subject to an additional 25 percent ad valorem rate of duty.

1. Effective Date. Except as otherwise provided herein or in subsequent notice(s), such duty shall apply to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, at or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 4, 2025.
2. In-Transit Exception. Goods loaded onto a vessel at the port of loading or in transit on the final mode of transport prior to entry into the United States before 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 1, 2025, shall not be subject to the additional duty if the importer certifies compliance with the Federal Register notice.

(b) Additional Rates and Existing Tariffs. The rates of duty established by this order are in addition to any other duties, fees, exactions, or charges applicable to such imported articles.
(c) Retaliatory Measures. Should the Government of Canada retaliate against the United States by imposing new duties on U.S. exports or adopting similar measures, I reserve the right to increase, expand, or otherwise adjust the duties imposed under this order.
(d) Modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule. The Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce, shall determine any necessary modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) and publish such modifications in the Federal Register.
(e) Foreign Trade Zones. Articles that are products of Canada covered by this order and admitted into United States foreign trade zones must be admitted under “privileged foreign status” unless otherwise indicated in forthcoming notices, ensuring that upon entry for consumption, such articles incur the applicable duties under subsection (a).
(f) Drawback Ineligibility. No drawback shall be available with respect to the duties imposed pursuant to this order.

(Amendments introduced by E.O. 14197, Feb. 3, 2025)
(g) Temporary Pause on Implementation. In recognition of certain actions taken by the Government of Canada to address illicit drug trafficking, the additional 25 percent ad valorem duty described in subsection (a) shall be paused and not take effect until March 4, 2025, at 12:01 a.m. eastern time.

(1) This pause may be revoked if the Government of Canada fails to take adequate steps to cooperate on law enforcement or interdiction measures.
(2) During this pause, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall consult with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, and other relevant officials to assess the ongoing effectiveness of Canada’s cooperation. If circumstances indicate insufficient progress, the additional duty described in subsection (a) shall immediately take effect upon my determination.

(h) [RESERVED] (originally contained references to certain de minimis treatments, replaced by E.O. 14226)

(i) [RESERVED]

Sec. 3. De Minimis Eligibility and Amendments.

(As revised by E.O. 14226, Mar. 2, 2025)
(h) Duty-Free de Minimis Treatment. Notwithstanding any prior provision to the contrary, duty-free de minimis treatment under 19 U.S.C. 1321 is available for otherwise eligible covered articles described in subsection (a) and subsection (b) of this section. Such duty-free treatment shall cease to be available for such otherwise eligible covered articles upon notification by the Secretary of Commerce to the President that adequate systems are in place to fully and expeditiously process and collect tariff revenue applicable pursuant to subsection (a) and subsection (b) for covered articles otherwise eligible for de minimis treatment.

Sec. 4. Ongoing Consultations and Further Actions.

(a) Interagency Coordination. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall regularly consult with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security regarding border conditions and enforcement measures.
(b) Recommendations. If the Government of Canada fails to cooperate, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall recommend additional appropriate action—potentially including expanded tariffs or more stringent border controls—to address the ongoing threat of illicit drug trafficking.

Sec. 5. General Provisions.

(a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1. the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
2. the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
   (b) Implementation of this order shall be consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
   (c) No right or benefit is intended to be created by this order, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

THE WHITE HOUSE,
February 1, 2025; as amended February 3, 2025, and March 2, 2025.

Notes on This Consolidated Text

1. E.O. 14193 (Feb. 1, 2025) introduced the initial 25% tariff structure.
2. E.O. 14197 (Feb. 3, 2025) placed a pause on the tariff’s original effective date, moving it to March 4, 2025.
3. E.O. 14226 (Mar. 2, 2025) revised and restored certain de minimis duty‐free provisions under 19 U.S.C. 1321, giving the Secretary of Commerce the authority to end that exemption once adequate collection systems are in place.

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Related to Mexico

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Below is a consolidated reference text for the Southern Border Executive Orders affecting Mexican imports as of March 2, 2025. This unofficial compilation merges:

• E.O. 14194 of February 1, 2025 (original text)
• E.O. 14198 of February 3, 2025 (“Progress on the Situation at Our Southern Border”)
• E.O. 14227 of March 2, 2025 (further amendment regarding de minimis treatment)

It reflects how the White House revised, paused, or updated certain sections. As with the Canadian compilation, this version is presented for reference only and does not constitute an official publication from the U.S. Federal Register.

EXECUTIVE ORDER 14194

(As Amended by E.O. 14198 of Feb. 3, 2025, and E.O. 14227 of Mar. 2, 2025)

Imposing Duties To Address the Situation at Our Southern Border

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2483), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby find and order as follows:

Section 1. Policy and Background.

(a) The sustained influx of illegal aliens and illicit opioids and other drugs across our southern border has profound consequences for our Nation, endangering lives and putting a severe strain on healthcare systems, public services, communities, and schools.
(b) I have determined that the failure of the Government of Mexico to adequately apprehend and deter these flows constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.
(c) Therefore, pursuant to the National Emergencies Act, and to address this threat, I reiterate and expand the national emergency declared in Proclamation 10886 of January 20, 2025. Further, I invoke my authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose duties, consistent with law, on articles imported from Mexico.

Sec. 2. Imposition of Duties.

(a) Imposition of 25 Percent Duty. All articles that are products of Mexico, as defined by the Federal Register notice(s) issued under this order, shall be subject to an additional 25 percent ad valorem rate of duty, effective on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 4, 2025, unless otherwise provided in subsequent sections or notices.
(b) Scope and Effective Date.

1. Articles loaded onto a vessel at the port of loading or in transit on the final mode of transport prior to entry into the United States before 12:01 a.m. eastern time on February 1, 2025, shall be exempt from the additional duties, provided the importer certifies this status.
2. The duties described in subsection (a) shall remain in effect until expressly reduced, modified, or terminated by subsequent Presidential action or authorized notice by the Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce.

(Amendments introduced by E.O. 14198, Feb. 3, 2025)
(c) Pause on Tariff Implementation. In recognition of immediate steps taken by the Government of Mexico to address the illegal migration and illicit drug crisis, the additional 25 percent duty set forth in subsection (a) shall be paused and will not take effect until March 4, 2025, at 12:01 a.m. eastern time.
(1) This pause may be withdrawn if the Government of Mexico fails to sustain cooperation on enforcement actions.
(2) During this pause, the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, and others, shall assess the situation at the southern border. If conditions deteriorate or Mexico’s efforts prove inadequate, the tariffs referenced in subsection (a) may be immediately implemented.

(d) Rates of Duty in Addition to Others. The tariffs imposed by this order supplement all other applicable duties, fees, or charges on such goods.
(e) Retaliation or Countermeasures. If the Government of Mexico imposes retaliatory duties on U.S. exports or adopts similar measures, I may adjust the duties under this order to ensure the efficacy of this action.
(f) Foreign Trade Zones. Articles that are products of Mexico and subject to the duties imposed by this order, if admitted into a U.S. foreign trade zone, must be admitted under “privileged foreign status” (as defined in 19 CFR 146.41), ensuring the correct duty rate upon entry for consumption.

Sec. 3. De Minimis Eligibility and Amendments.

(As revised by E.O. 14227, Mar. 2, 2025)
(g) Duty-Free de Minimis Treatment. Duty-free de minimis treatment under 19 U.S.C. 1321 shall be available for otherwise eligible covered articles described in subsection (a) of this section. Such duty-free de minimis treatment shall cease to be available for such otherwise eligible covered articles upon notification by the Secretary of Commerce to the President that adequate systems are in place to fully and expeditiously process and collect tariff revenue applicable pursuant to subsection (a).

Sec. 4. Ongoing Coordination and Progress Evaluation.

(a) Regular Consultations: The Secretary of Homeland Security shall consult with the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, and other senior officials regarding border conditions and enforcement measures.
(b) Removal of Duties: Should the Government of Mexico demonstrate sufficient and sustained action to reduce illegal migration and drug trafficking, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall recommend reduction or removal of the duties imposed by this order, subject to the President’s determination.

Sec. 5. General Provisions.

(a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1. the authority granted by law to an executive department, agency, or the head thereof; or
2. the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
   (b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
   (c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

THE WHITE HOUSE,
February 1, 2025; as amended February 3, 2025, and March 2, 2025.

Notes on This Consolidated Text

1. E.O. 14194 (Feb. 1, 2025) introduced the initial 25% tariff for Mexican imports, citing the expanded national emergency under IEEPA.
2. E.O. 14198 (Feb. 3, 2025) paused the effective date until March 4, 2025, contingent upon Mexico’s cooperation efforts.
3. E.O. 14227 (Mar. 2, 2025) specifically revised section 2(g) to restore de minimis treatment, granting the Secretary of Commerce authority to end it once systems are ready for duty collection on low‐value parcels.